NCLEX Review Questions on Cancer (1-3)

Welcome to the NCLEX Review Questions on Cancer. Enjoy answering and I hope that this site: NCLEX Review and Secrets can somehow help you in your future nursing licensure examination. Good Luck.


Situation: Aling Nena is a 60 year old woman with a malignant tumor of the breast, who was admitted for modified radical mastectomy.

1. The physician has ordered 5 flourouracil, 700 mg IV once a week. When Aling Nena hears this, she says to the nurse, "Am I going to lose my hair?" Which is the best response by the nurse?


a) 5-flourouracil usually does nit cause loss of hair
b) hair loss can occur but a wig can be worn until your hair grows back
c) the physician will prescribe a medication to prevent this side effect from occurring
d) losing your hair is less traumatic than losing breast

2. Aling Nena is being assessed of her nutritional status. She weigh 100 lbs and is 5'8 ft. tall. Her assessment would include the following except:

a) a diet history
b) anthropometric measurements
c) food preferences
d) serum protein

3. Which nursing action would best attain the goal of providing and promoting coping for Aling Nena?

a) telling Aling Nena for her strengths and progress
b) planning experienced for her that are conclusive
c) helping her to identify her problems and solutions
d) giving her information on how to handle her problems


Try to read the latest type of cancer, it might be included in the exam --> Mesothelioma Cancer





NCLEX Review Questions on Cancer:
ANSWERS AND RATIONALE

1) B
- the drug can cause alopecia or hair loss but the hair will grow back after treatment. The nurse can advise the patient to wear a wig or other head accessories for coverage. The patient should buy the wig before hair falls out.
5-fluoroucacil or 5-FU is an antineoplastic drug that used for the cancers of the colon, rectum, breast, stomach and pancreas.

The adverse side effects of this drug are:

• Photosensitivity - advise to avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight and to use highly protective sunlight to prevent inflammatory erythematous dermatitis
• advise patient she cannot get pregnant or breastfeed while under medication because of its toxic effect
• advise patient to discontinue drug and report to physician if diarrhea occurs as it is a sign of toxicity
• Mouth sores (stomatitis) - apply topical anesthetics for comfort, advise oral hygiene to prevent infection of the denuded oral mucosa
• Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia - give antiemetic before administration
• Leukopenia, anemia, agranulocytosis - avoid exposure to infection
• Scaling of the skin, pruritus, desquamative rash of hands and feet, and nail changes - reversible after medication, can be treated with pyridoxine 50-150 mg for 7 days
• Thrombocytopenia - avoid IM injections when platelet count goes below 50,000
  
• if crystals form in the drug - redissolve by warming solution
  
• do not use cloudy solution, do not refrigirate, protect from sunlight, discard unused portion after 1 hour
• use plastic IV bags if to be infused by intravenous route as the drug is more stable in plastic than glass

2) C
- although inquiry about food preferences is history taking, it is not used in the standard nutritional status assessment of the patient.
The information gained during nutritional status assessment are:

• Anthropometric measurements: height, weight, body mass index (BMI), circumferential measurements
• Physical examination - clinical signs and symptoms such as pallor, dry skin, brittle hair, mouth sores
• Diet history - 24 hours diet recall to assess the quality and quantity of food intake
• Diagnostic tests: hemoglobin, hematocrit, transferring, serum protein, total lymphocyte count, nitrogen balance, d-xylose absorption test, creatinine excretion, serum levels

3) C


After you reviewed your answers through its rationale, you can now proceed to the next set of questions: 

NCLEX Review Questions on Cancer (4-10)

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