Online Nursing Practice Test/Exam about Cancer (36-40)

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36. The nurse on the oncology unit enters the room of the client with lung cancer. Which action is most appropriate for the nurse to do first?

a) check the client's IV infusion pump and IV fluid rate
b) take the client's blood pressure and pulse
c) assess the client's mental status
d) elevate the client's head of the bed

37. The nurse on the oncology unit is planning care for the client with colon cancer who is refusing a diagnostic test. Which action is most appropriate for the nurse to take first?

a) call the radiology department to let them know the client will not be going to take the test
b) speak with the client to determine the reason for refusing the test
c) inform the health care provider that the client is refusing the test
d) ask the client's spouse why the client is refusing the test



38. A nurse is admitting a 63-year old male reporting hemoptysis and weight loss. The nurse identifies that the highest priority risk factor for lung cancer for this client is:

a) family history of lung cancer
b) the client works in a chemical factory
c) the client lives in a coal mining area
d) the client uses chewing tobacco

39. The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of cancer who is immunosuppressed. The nurse would consider implementing neutropenic precautions if the client's white blood cell count was which of the following?

a) 2,000 cells/mm3
b) 5,800 cells/mm3
c) 8,400 cells/mm3
d) 11,500 cells/mm3

40. A nurse is caring for a child after removal of a brain tumor. The nurse assesses the child for which of the following signs that would indicate that brainstem involvement occurred during the surgical procedure?

a) inability to swallow
b) elevated temperature
c) altered hearing ability
d) orthostatic hypotension



ANSWERS AND RATIONALE

36) D
- the client with lung cancer experiences difficulty of breathing. Therefore, the first action by the nurse is to facilitate the client's breathing by elevating the head of the bed.

37) B
- the first nursing action when a client refuses a test or treatment is to assess the reason for refusal. Assessment is the first phase of the nursing process.

38) B
- the client who is exposed to chemicals for a long period of time is at highest risk to develop lung cancer.

39) A
- the normal white blood cell count ranges from 4,500 to 11,000/mm3. The client who is immunosuppressed has a decrease in the number of circulating white blood cells. The nurse implements neutropenic precautions when the client's values fall sufficiency below the normal level. The specific value for implementing neutropenic precautions usually is determined by agency policy. Options B, C, and D are normal values.

40) B
- Vital signs and neurological status are assessed frequently. Special attention is given to the child’s temperature, which may be elevated because of hypothalamic or brainstem involvement during surgery. A cooling blanket should be in place on the bed or readily available if the child becomes hyperthermic. Options A and C are related to functional deficits following surgery. Orthostatic hypotension is not a common clinical manifestation following brain surgery. An elevated blood pressure and widened pulse pressure may be associated with increased intracranial pressure, which is a complication following brain surgery.


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