Online Nursing Practice Test about Renal Disorders (31-35)

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31. Which of the following should be considered in the diet of the client with end-stage-renal-disease (ESRD)?

a) limit fluid intake during anuric phase
b) limit phosphorus and vitamin D-rich food
c) limit calcium-rich food
d) limit carbohydrates



32. A client has been admitted to the hospital for urinary tract infection and dehydration. The nurse determines that the client has received adequate volume replacement if the blood urea nitrogen level drops to:

a) 3 mg/dL
b) 15 mg/dL
c) 29 mg/dL
d) 35 mg/dL



33. A adult client has had laboratory work done as part of a routine physical examination. The nurse interprets that the client may have a mild degree of renal insufficiency if which of the following serum creatinine levels is noted?

a) 0.2 mg/dlL
b) 0.5 mg/dL
c) 1.9 mg/dL
d) 3.5 mg/dL

34. The nurse instructs a client with renal failure who is receiving hemodialysis about dietary modifications. The nurse determines that the client understands these dietary modifications if the client selects which items from the dietary menu?

a) cream of wheat, blueberries, coffee
b) sausage and eggs, banana, orange juice
c) bacon, cantaloupe melon, tomato juice
d) cured pork, strawberries, orange juice

35. A nurse is inserting an indwelling urinary catheter into the urethra of a male client. As the nurse inflates the balloon, the client complains of discomfort. The appropriate nursing action is to:

a) aspirate the fluid, remove the catheter and insert a new catheter
b) aspirate the fluid, advance the catheter farther, and reinflate the balloon
c) remove the syringe from the balloon, discomfort is normal and temporary
d) aspirate the fluid, withdraw the catheter slightly, and reinflate the balloon




ANSWERS AND RATIONALE

31) A

- during ESRD, fluid intake of the client should be limited during anuric phase to prevent fluid overload. Fluid overload increases renal workload, pulmonary edema, and congestive heart failure.

32)  B

- the normal blood urea nitrogen level is 8 to 25 mg/dL. Values such as those in options C and D reflect continued dehydration. Option A reflects a lower than normal value, which may occur with fluid volume overload, among other conditions.

33) C

- the normal serum creatinine level foadults is 0.6 to 1.3 mg/dL. The client with a mild degree of renal insufficiency would have a slight elevated level. A creatinie level of 0.2 mg/dL is low, and a level of 0.5 mg/dL is just below normal. A creeatinie level of 3.5 mg/dL may be associated with acute or chronic renal failure.

34) A

- the diet for a client with renal failure who is receiving hemodialysis should include controlled amounts of sodium, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and fluids. Option B, C, and D are high in sodium, phosphorus, and potassium.

35) B

- If the balloon is positioned in the urethra, inflating the balloon could produce trauma, and pain will occur. If pain occurs, the fluid should be aspirated and the catheter inserted a little further into the bladder to provide sufficient space to inflate the balloon. The balloon of the catheter is behind the opening at the insertion tip. Inserting the catheter the extra distance will ensure that the balloon is inflated inside the bladder and not in the urethra. There is no need to remove the catheter and insert a new one. Pain when the balloon is inflated is not normal.


Related Topics:

• Fundamentals of Nursing  Concepts
• Medical-Surgical Concepts
• Maternal and Child Concepts

• Online Nursing Practice Test about Renal Disorders (36-40)
• Go back to Online Nursing Practice Test about Renal Disorders (1-7) to start the test from the beginning.