NCLEX Review about Immune System Disorders (6-10)

NCLEX Review about Immune System Disorders

6. Which of the following individuals is least likely at risk for the development of Kaposis's sarcoma?

a) A kidney transplant client
b) a male with a history of same-gender partners
c) a client receiving anti-neoplastic medications
d) an individual working in an environment in which he or she is exposed to asbestos

7. The nurse prepares to give a bath and change the bed linens on a client with cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. The lesions are open and draining a scant amount of serous fluid. Which of the following would the nurse incorporate into the plan during the bathing of this client?

a) wearing gloves
b) wearing a gown and gloves
c) wearing a gown, gloves, and a mask
d) wear a gown and gloves to change the bed linens and gloves only for the bath

8. A client is suspected of having systemic lupus erythematosus. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following is one of the initial characteristic signs of systemic lupus erythematosus?

a) weight gain
b) subnormal temperature
c) elevated red blood cell count
d) rash on the face across the bridge of the nose and on the cheeks

9. The nurse provides home care instructions to a client with systemic lupus erythematosus and tells the client about methods to manage fatigue. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instructions?

a) I should take hot baths because they are relaxing
b) I should sit whenever possible to conserve my energy
c) I should avoid long periods of rest because it causes joint stiffness
d) I should do some exercises, such as walking, when I am not fatigued

10. The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has raised, dark purplish-colored lesions on the trunk of the body. The nurse anticipates that which of the following procedures will be done to confirm whether these lesions are caused by Kaposi's sarcoma?

a) skin biopsy
b) lung biopsy
c) western blot
d) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay






NCLEX Review about Immune System Disorders:
ANSWERS AND RATIONALE

6) D

- Kaposi’s sarcoma is a vascular malignancy that presents as a skin disorder and is a common acquired immunodeficiency syndrome indicator. Malignancy is seen most frequently in men with a history of same-gender partners. Although the cause of Kaposi’s sarcoma is not known, it is considered to be caused by an alteration or failure in the immune system. The renal transplantation client and the client receiving antineoplastic medications are at risk for immunosuppression. Exposure to asbestos is not related to the development of Kaposi’s sarcoma.

7) B

- Gowns and gloves are required if the nurse anticipates contact with soiled items such as those with wound drainage or is caring for a client who is incontinent with diarrhea or a client who has an ileostomy or colostomy. Masks are not required unless droplet or airborne precautions are necessary. Regardless of the amount of wound drainage, a gown and gloves must be worn.

8) D

- Skin lesions or rash on the face across the bridge of the nose and on the cheeks is an initial characteristic sign of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Fever and weight loss may also occur. Anemia is most likely to occur later in SLE.

9) A

- To help reduce fatigue in the client with systemic lupus erythematosus, the nurse should instruct the client to sit whenever possible, avoid hot baths (because they exacerbate fatigue), schedule moderate low-impact exercises when not fatigued, and maintain a balanced diet. The client is instructed to avoid long periods of rest because it promotes joint stiffness.

10) A

- The skin biopsy is the procedure of choice to diagnose Kaposi’s sarcoma, which frequently complicates the clinical picture of the client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Lung biopsy would confirm Pneumocystis jiroveci infection. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot are tests to diagnose human immunodeficiency virus status.



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