Welcome to the NCLEX Renal Questions. Before you begin answering this questions, I recommend that you start from the beginning:
NCLEX Renal Questions (1-7)
56. A client who has a renal mass asks the nurse why an ultrasound has been scheduled, as opposed to other diagnostic tests that may be ordered. The nurse formulates a response based on the understanding that:
a) all other tests are more invasive than an ultrasound
b) all other tests require more elaborate postprocedure care
c) an ultrasound can differentiate a solid mass from a fluid-filled cyst
d) an ultrasound is much more cost effective than other diagnostic tests
57. A client has been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute glomerulonephritis. During history-taking the nurse first asks the client about a recent history of:
a) bleeding ulcer
b) deep vein thrombosis
c) myocardial infarction
d) streptococcal infection
58. A nurse is assigned to care for a client with nephrotic syndrome. The nurse assesses which important parameter on a daily basis?
a) weight
b) albumin levels
c) activity tolerance
d) blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level
59. A client is being admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of urolithiasis and ureteral colic. The nurse assesses the client for pain that is:
a) dull and aching in the costovetebal area
b) aching and camplike throughout the abdomen
c) sharp and radiating posteriorly to the spinal column
d) excruciating, wavelike, and radiating toward the genitalia
60. A client with renal failure is receiving epoetin alfa (Epogen) to support erythropoiesis. The nurse questions the client about compliance with taking which of the following medications that supports red blood cell (RBC) production?
a) iron supplement
b) zinc supplement
c) calcium supplement
d) magnesium supplement
NCLEX Renal Questions:
Answers and Rationale
56) C
- A significant advantage of an ultrasound is that it can differentiate a solid mass from a fluid-filled cyst. It is noninvasive and does not require any special aftercare. Other diagnostic tests, such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scanning, are also noninvasive (unless contrast is used) and require no special aftercare, either. However, the ultrasound can discriminate between solid and fluid masses most optimally.
57) D
- The predominant cause of acute glomerulonephritis is infection with beta hemolytic Streptococcus 3 weeks before the onset of symptoms. In addition to bacteria, other infectious agents that could trigger the disorder include viruses, fungi, and parasites. Bleeding ulcer, deep vein thrombosis, and myocardial infarction are not precipitating causes.
58) A
- The client with nephrotic syndrome typically presents with edema, hypoalbuminemia, and proteinuria. The nurse carefully assesses the fluid balance of the client, which includes daily monitoring of weight, intake and output, edema, and girth measurements. Albumin levels are monitored as they are prescribed, as are the BUN and creatinine levels. The client's activity level is adjusted according to the amount of edema and water retention. As edema increases, the client's activity level should be restricted.
59) D
- The pain of ureteral colic is caused by movement of a stone through the ureter and is sharp, excruciating, and wavelike, radiating to the genitalia and thigh. The stone causes reduced flow of urine, and the urine also contains blood because of its abrasive action on urinary tract mucosa. Stones in the renal pelvis cause pain that is a deep ache in the costovertebral area. Renal colic is characterized by pain that is acute, with tenderness over the costovertebral area.
60) A
- Iron is needed for RBC production. Otherwise, the body cannot produce sufficient erythrocytes. In either case, the client is not receiving the full benefit of epoetin alfa therapy if iron is not taken. Options B, C, and D are not needed for RBC production.After you reviewed your answers through its rationale, you can now proceed to the next set of questions:
NCLEX Renal Questions (61-65)
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