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56. A nurse is preparing to care for a client following parathyroidectomy. The nurse plans care anticipating which postoperative order?
a) maintain the endotracheal tube for 36 hours
b) take a rectal temperature only until discharge
c) ensure that intravenous calcium preparations are available
d) place the client in a flat position with the head and neck immobilized
57. While a client with myxedema is being admitted to the hospital, the client reports having experienced a lack of energy, cold intolerance, and puffiness around the eyes and face. The nurse knows that these symptoms are caused by a lack of production of which hormone(s)
a) luteinizing hormone (LH)
b) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
c) triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)
d) prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH)
58. A 33-years old female is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of grave's disease. Which symptom related to the client's menstrual cycle would the client likely report?
a) amenorrhea
b) metrorrhagia
c) menorrhagia
d) dysmenorrha
59. A client with diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of 644 mg/dL. The nurse interprets that this client is most at risk of developing which type of acid-base imbalance?
a) metabolic acidosis
b) metabolic alkalosis
c) respiratory acidosis
d) respiratory alkalosis
60. The home care nurse is developing a plan of care for an older client with diabetes mellitus who has gastroenteritis. In order to maintain food and fluid intake to prevent dehydration, the nurse plans to:
a) offer water only until the client is able to tolerate solid foods
b) withhold all fluids until vomiting has ceased for at least 4 hours
c) encourage the client to take 8 to 12 ounces of fluid every hour while awake
d) maintain a clear liquid diet for at least 5 days before advancing to solids to allow inflammation of the bowel to dissipate
Endocrine System Questions and Answers Rationale
56) C
- Hypocalcemia is a potentially life-threatening complication following parathyroidectomy, and the nurse should ensure that intravenous calcium preparations are readily available. Semi-Fowler's position is the position of choice to assist in lung expansion and prevent edema. Rectal temperatures are not required. Tympanic temperatures can be taken. The client will not necessarily have an endotracheal tube.
57) C
- Although all of these hormones originate from the anterior pituitary, only T3 and T4 are associated with the client's symptoms. Myxedema results from inadequate thyroid hormone levels (T3 and T4). Low levels of thyroid hormone result in an overall decrease in the basal metabolic rate, affecting virtually every body system and leading to weakness, fatigue, and a decrease in heat production. A decrease in LH results in the loss of secondary sex characteristics. A decrease in ACTH is seen in Addison's disease. PRL stimulates breast milk production by the mammary glands, and GH affects bone and soft tissue by promoting growth through protein anabolism and lipolysis.
58) A
- Amenorrhea or a decreased menstrual flow is common in the client with Graves' disease. Dysmenorrhea, metrorrhagia, and menorrhagia are also disorders related to the female reproductive system; however, they do not manifest in the presence of Graves' disease.
59) A
- Diabetes mellitus can lead to metabolic acidosis. When the body does not have sufficient circulating insulin, the blood glucose level rises. At the same time, the cells of the body use all available glucose. The body then breaks down glycogen and fat for fuel. The by-products of fat metabolism are acidotic and can lead to the condition known as diabetic ketoacidosis. Options B, C, and D are incorrect.
60) C
- The client should be offered liquids containing both glucose and electrolytes. Small amounts of fluid may be tolerated, even when vomiting is present. The diet should be advanced as tolerated and include a minimum of 100 to 150 grams of carbohydrates daily. Offering water only and maintaining liquids for 5 days will not prevent dehydration but may promote it in this client.After you reviewed your answers through its rationale, you can also go back to the first page to start from the beginning:
Endocrine System Questions and Answers (1-7)
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Endocrine System Questions and Answers (61-65)
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