Immune System Practice Test (46-50)

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46. A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has a nursing diagnosis of Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements. The nurse plans which of the following goals with this client?

a)  consume foods and beverages that are high in glucose
b) plan large menus and cook meals in advance
c) eat low-calorie snacks between meals
d) eat small, frequent meals throughout the day

47. A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is experiencing shortness of breath related to Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Which measure should the nurse include in the plan of care to assist the client in performing activities of daily living?

a) provide supportive care with hygiene needs
b) provide meals and snacks with high-protein, high calorie, and high-nutritional value
c) provide small, frequent meals
d) offer low microbial foods

48. A client who was tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after a recent exposure had a negative result. During the post-test counseling session, the nurse tells the client which of the following?

a) the test should be repeated in 6 months
b) this ensures that the client is not infected with the HIV virus
c) the client no longer needs to protect himself from sexual partners
d) the client probably has immunity to the acquired immunodeficiency virus

49. A client is diagnosed with late stage human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the client and family are extremely upset about the diagnosis. The priority psychosocial nursing intervention for the client and family is to:

a) tell the client and family to stop smoking because it will predispose the client to respiratory infections
b) tell the client and family that raw or improperly washed foods can produce microbes
c) encourage the client and family to discuss their feelings about the disease
d) advise the client to avoid becoming pregnant because of the risk of transmission of the infection

50. A client is diagnosed  with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The nurse prepares a care plan for the client, knowing that HIV is primarily a condition in which:

a) immunosuppression occurs and is indicated by a T4 lymphocyte count of less than 200/mm3
b) bacterial infection occurs, causing weakness
c) fungal infection occurs, causing a rash and pruritus
d) protozoan infection occurs, causing a fever and nonproductive cough





Immune System Practice Test 
Answers and Rationale

46) D

- The client should eat small, frequent meals throughout the day. The client also should take in nutrient-dense and high-calorie meals and snacks rather than those that are high in glucose only. The client is encouraged to eat favorite foods to keep intake up and plan meals that are easy to prepare. The client can also avoid taking fluids with meals to increase food intake before satiety sets in.

47) A
- Providing supportive care with hygiene needs as needed reduces the client's physical and emotional energy demands and conserves energy resources for other functions such as breathing. Options B, C, and D are important interventions for the client with AIDS but do not address the subject of activities of daily living. Option B will assist the client in maintaining appropriate weight and proper nutrition. Option C will assist the client in tolerating meals better. Option D will decrease the client's risk of infection.

48) A

- A negative test result indicates that no HIV antibodies were detected in the blood sample. A repeated test in 6 months is recommended because false-negative test results have occurred early in the infection. Options B, C, and D are incorrect.

49) C

- The priority psychosocial nursing intervention for the client and family is to encourage the client and family to discuss their feelings about the disease. Options A, B, and D identify physiological not psychosocial concerns.

50) A

- HIV infection causes immunosuppression and is indicated by a T4 lymphocyte count of less than 200/mm3. Although bacterial, fungal, and protozoal infection can occur, these occur as opportunistic infections as a result of the immunosuppression.


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Immune System Practice Test (1-5)