NCLEX Review about Cardiac Nursing (16-20)

NCLEX Review about Cardiac Nursing

16. Which of the following signs and symptoms indicate pacemaker failure?

a) excessive thirst
b) prolonged hiccups
c) flushing of the skin
d) increased urine output

17. The client is diagnosed to have acute myocardial infarction. He has a nursing diagnosis of decreased cardiac output. This is secondary to

a) chest pain
b) circulatory overload
c) electrolytes imbalance
d) ventricular dysrhythmias

18. Which of the following physician's order should the nurse question when preparing a client who will undergo artery bypass graft within an hour?

a) potassium chloride per slow IV drip
b) calcium channel blocker
c) digoxin
d) prophylactic antibiotic

19. The client has been diagnosed to have right-sided congestive heart failure (RSCHF). Which of the following signs and symptoms does the nurse expect to observe in the client?

a) shortness of breath
b) ascites
c) rales in the lung apices
d) pink-tinged, frothy sputum

20. The client with cardiac disorder experiences hypokalemia. Which of the following ECG changes would the client have?

a) elevated ST segment
b) presence of U-wave
c) tall T-wave
d) prolonged QRS complex




NCLEX Review about Cardiac Nursing
ANSWERS AND RATIONALE

16) B
- prolonged hiccups indicate pacemaker failure. Other signs and symptoms of pacemaker failure are dysrhythmias, dizziness, faintness, chest pain, shortness of breath, increase or decrease in apical rate.

17) D
- ventricular dysrhythmias are the primary causes of decreased cardiac output with myocardial infarction.

18) C
- digoxin increases force of cardiac contractility and therefore it increases cardiac workload.

19) B
- RSCHF is characterized by venous backup, like ascites. Choices A, C, and D are manifestations of a client with Left-sided CHF.

20) B
- hypokalemia is characterized by presence of U-wave, depressed ST segment, and short T-wave.




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