NCLEX Review Questions on Cancer 86-90

NCLEX Review Questions on Cancer

86. The nurse is reviewing the history of a client with bladder cancer. The nurse expects to note documentation of which most common symptom of this type of cancer?

a) dysuria
b) hematuria
c) urgency on urination
d) frequency of urination

87. The nurse is caring for a client following intravesical instillation of an alkylating chemotherapeutic agent into the bladder for the treatment of bladder cancer. Following the instillation, the nurse should instruct the client to:

a) urinate immediately
b) maintain strict bed rest
c) change position every 15 minutes
d) retain the instillation fluid for 30 minutes



88. The nurse is assessing the stoma of a client following a ureterostomy. Which of the following should the nurse expect to note?

a) a dry stoma
b) a pale stoma
c) a dark-colored stoma
d) a red and moist stoma

89. The nurse is caring for a client following a mastectomy. Which nursing intervention would assist in preventing lymphedema of the affected arm?

a) placing cool compresses on the affected arm
b) elevating the affected arm on a pillow above heart level
c) avoiding arm exercises in the immediate postoperative period
d) maintaining an intravenous site below the antecubital area on the affected site

90. The nurse is preparing a client for a mammography. The nurse tells the client:

a ) that mammography takes about 1 hour
b) that there is no discomfort associated with the procedure
c) to maintain an NPO status on the day of the test
d) to avoid the use of deodorants, powders, or creams on the day of the test






NCLEX REVIEW QUESTIONS ON CANCER:
ANSWERS AND RATIONALE

86) B

- The most common symptom in clients with cancer of the bladder is hematuria. The client also may experience irritative voiding symptoms such as frequency, urgency, and dysuria, and these symptoms often are associated with carcinoma in situ.

87) C

- Normally, the medication is injected into the bladder through a urethral catheter, the catheter is clamped or removed, and the client is asked to retain the fluid for 2 hours. The client changes position every 15 to 30 minutes from side to side and from supine to prone or resumes all activity immediately. The client then voids and is instructed to drink water to flush the bladder.

88) D

- Following ureterostomy, the stoma should be red and moist. A pale stoma may indicate an inadequate amount of vascular supply. A dry stoma may indicate a body fluid deficit. Any sign of darkness or duskiness in the stoma may indicate a loss of vascular supply and must be reported immediately or necrosis can occur.

89) B

- Following mastectomy, the arm should be elevated above the level of the heart. Simple arm exercises should be encouraged. No blood pressure readings, injections, intravenous lines, or blood draws should be performed on the affected arm. Cool compresses are not a suggested measure to prevent lymphedema from occurring.

90) D

- Mammography takes about 15 to 30 minutes to complete. Some discomfort may be experienced because of the breast compression required to obtain a clear image. There is no reason to maintain an NPO status before the procedure. Option D is an accurate instruction.


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