NCLEX Review About The Aging Eye (21-25)

NCLEX Review About The Aging Eye

21. Shortly after a neonate is delivered, erythromycin is instilled into the neonate’s eyes. This drug is given to prevent:

a. Ophthalmia neonatorum
b. Retrolental fibroplasias
c. Corneal keratitis
d. Acute uveitis

22. An older female client confides to the visiting nurse that she is afraid she will fall while going to the bathroom at night. Which  suggestion, if made by the nurse, indicates that the nurse understands the visual changes affecting the older client?

a) limit your fluid intake during the day
b) use a commode in your bedroom at night
c) keep a red light on the bathroom at night
d) us ea bell to call your daughter if you need to get up



23. The nurse is developing a plan of care for the client scheduled for cataract surgery. The nurse documents which most appropriate nursing diagnosis in the plan of care?

a) anxiety
b) self-care deficit
c) nutrition, imbalanced
d0 sensory perception, disturbed

24. The nurse is performing an assessment on a client with a suspected diagnosis of cataract. The chief clinical manifestation that the nurse would expect to note in the early stages of cataract formation is:

a) diplopia
b) eye pain
c) floating spots
d) blurred vision

25. In preparation for cataract surgery, the nurse is to administer prescribed eye drops. The nurse reviews the physician's orders, expecting which type of eye drops to be prescribed?

a) a miotic agent
b) a thiazide diuretic
c) an osmotic diuretic
d) an mydriatic medication




NCLEX Review About The Aging Eye:
ANSWERS AND RATIONALE


21) A
- Erythromycin is an antibiotic used to prevent Ophthalmia neonatorum (ocular gonorrheal infection. It doesn’t prevent other eye disorders.

22) C

- Because it takes longer to adapt to changes from dark to light and vice versa, older persons are at a greater risk of falls and injuries. Wherever a sudden change from dark to light or from light to dark occurs can be dangerous. Getting up during the night is a hazardous situation for an older client. Eyes adapt to the dark by using the rod receptors, which are sensitive to short blue-green wavelengths. Red wavelengths are longer and are perceived by the cones. Thus, a red light in the bathroom at night will allow for vision to function in the dark adequately without the need for adaptation.

23) D

- The most appropriate nursing diagnosis for the client scheduled for cataract surgery is Sensory perception, disturbed  (visual) related to lens extraction and replacement. Although options A, B, and C identify nursing diagnoses that may be appropriate, they are not related specifically to cataract surgery.

24) D

- A gradual, painless blurring of central vision is the chief clinical manifestation of a cataract. Early symptoms include slightly blurred vision and a decrease in color perception. Options A, B, and C are not signs of a cataract.

25) D

- A mydriatic medication produces mydriasis or dilation of the pupil. Mydriatic medications are used preoperatively in the cataract client. These medications act by dilating the pupils. They also constrict blood vessels. An osmotic diuretic may be used to decrease intraocular pressure. A miotic medication constricts the pupil. A thiazide diuretic is not likely to be prescribed for a client with a cataract.


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