NCLEX Secrets about Musculoskeletal Injuries (21-25)

NCLEX Secrets about Musculoskeletal Injuries

21. Which of the following nursing interventions will best help alleviate the discomfort of the patient with rheumatoid arthritis?

a) walking a mile each morning
b) active range-of-motion exercises of joints
c) application of hot or cold packs on the joints
d) splinting the joint during waking hours

22. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include when giving health teachings on prevention of crutch palsy?

a) assuming a tripod position when using crutches
b) bearing the weight on the palms of the hands and elbows
c) bearing the weight on the axillae
d) placing the crossbar of the crutches so that the elbows are extended

23. Which of the following should be included when giving client teaching to an obese woman, whose height is 5 feet and 2 inches, on prevention of progression of osteoporosis?

a) bed rest
b) avoid sunlight
c) weight-bearing exercises and weight reduction
d) limit intake of milk and dairy products

24. The best position for a child with myelomeningocele is

a) prone
b) supine
c) semi-fowler's
d) modified trendelenburg

25. Which of the following complications does the nurse suspect when a client had fracture of the femur and is now experiencing respiratory distress?

a) sepsis
b) fat embolism
c) bleeding
d) shock






NCLEX Secrets about Musculoskeletal Injuries
ANSWERS AND RATIONALE

21) C
- during acute phase of pain, cold application is recommended. Cold numbs nerve endings and therefore, relieves pain. After the acute phase of pain, heat application is done. This thins the synovial fluid and relieves joint stiffness. Heat also improves circulation to the area, improves oxygen supply and will relieve pain.

22) B
- during crutch-walking, the weight of the body should be borne by the hands and elbows, not by the axillae to prevent crutch palsy.

23) C
- weight-bearing exercises promote calcium absorption in he bones. Weight reduction reduces strain at the cartilage of joints. These measures prevent progression of osteoporosis.

24) A
- prone position will prevent trauma to the sac at the lumbosacral area in a child with myelomeningocele.

25) B
- fat embolism is a common complication of fracture of the long bones, like fracture of the femur. Yellow marrow is released into the circulation and reaches the pulmonary circulation. Acute respiratory distress syndrome may occur.


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